Dr. Avnee Shah, a dermatologist based in New Jersey, explains that many people are over-exfoliating their skin, leading to redness, peeling, and irritation. Exfoliation is the process of removing dead skin cells from the top layer of the skin, which can help brighten complexion and improve the absorption of skincare products. There are two types of exfoliation: physical, which uses tools or scrubs, and chemical, which uses acids to dissolve dead skin cells. Dr. Shah recommends chemical exfoliation over physical methods, as scrubs can be too abrasive and cause damage to the skin.
It is important to exfoliate based on your skin type. For sensitive skin, Dr. Shah advises using a creamy cleanser with a low percentage of glycolic acid once a week. Those with oily skin can exfoliate up to four times per week with both chemical and physical methods. Normal to combination skin types can exfoliate twice a week with a retinoid or AHA/BHA cleanser. However, exfoliation should be avoided during breakouts, cuts or open wounds, infections, or sunburns.
To exfoliate properly, gently use a clean brush or scrub in circular motions for physical exfoliation, or apply a chemical exfoliant in small, circular motions after cleansing. Be sure to follow the directions on the product for best results. If you accidentally over-exfoliate, take a break and let your skin recover before resuming your routine.
Ultimately, it is essential to pay attention to your skin’s needs and adjust your exfoliation routine accordingly. Listen to your skin and consult with a dermatologist if you have concerns about incorporating new products. Remember, healthy skin is all about balance and moderation.